Air Force officials take step toward cleaner fuel, energy independence

by Samuel King Jr.
96 Air Base Wing Public Affairs

3/25/2010 - EGLIN AIR FORCE BASE, Fla. (AFNS) -- Air Force officials, embracing the national priorities of cleaner fuel and energy independence, took a step toward a greener, energy independent future when an A-10C Thunderbolt II here took to the air March 25 fueled with a blend of Hydrotreated Renewable Jet, or HRJ, and JP-8.

This first-ever feasibility flight demonstration was using HRJ, a hydrocarbon synthetic jet fuel, created from animal fats and plant oils. The flight was conducted by members of the 40th Flight Test Squadron, a developmental test squadron that is part of the Air Armament Center here.

"The Air Force is committed to reducing our reliance on foreign oil," said Terry Yonkers, assistant secretary of the Air Force for installations, environment and logistics. "Our goal is to reduce demand, increase supply and change the culture and mindset of our fuel consumption."

Although mission data has yet to be analyzed, just by leaving the ground the demonstration was considered a success. It proved an Air Force aircraft can be flown using a synthetic fuel blend.

A big indicator came from the test pilot, Maj. Chris Seager, after the flight. Immediately upon stepping out of the aircraft, he approached the fuel certification officials saying (the flight) "felt great, no problems whatsoever."

"This sortie was pretty uneventful and predictable ... that's a good thing," said the test pilot, who focused on monitoring his gauges and engine performance during the flight. "It was a real privilege to be part of this ground-breaking demonstration."

After hearing from the pilot, the certification officials, who traveled here from Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, breathed a little easier, but had no doubts about the demonstration and its potential.

"We weren't concerned at all about the flight," said Jeffrey Braun, director of the Alternative Fuels Certification Office. "We knew it would take off and we're thrilled this project is moving forward."

The fuel used for the demonstration was from the camelina plant, a weed-like plant that needs little to flourish and isn't used as a food-source. The refining process as well as the emissions of the HRJ fuel is cleaner than conventional fuels, according to Alternative Fuels Certification officials.

The Air Force is the largest user of jet fuel in DOD, consuming 2.4 billion gallons per year. The goal is to switch half of the continental U.S. jet fuel requirement to alternative fuels by 2016. A short-term goal is to have all Air Force aircraft certified to fly using alternative fuels by 2012, according to Mr. Yonkers.

The 40th FTS's two-month build up to the pioneering flight was focused on safety and risk mitigation. The week of the flight, ground tests were performed and the A-10 flew with the fuels split into its two separate fuel tanks.

The A-10 has the ability to segregate its fuel system so one set of fuel tanks can be paired to one engine while the other set can be paired to the other engine without mixing fuel between systems. This makes the A-10 a perfect platform to begin testing fuel blends, according to Capt. Andrew Radzicki, a test engineer with the 40th Flight Test Squadron.

"To truly transform our economy, protect our security, and save our planet from the ravages of climate change, we need to ultimately make clean, renewable energy the profitable kind of energy," said President Barack Obama.

The Air Force plans for a second feasibility demonstration this summer using an F-15 Eagle to test performance parameters. A C-17 Globemaster III will be tested because of the amount of fuel it consumes and an F-22 Raptor test is planned because of the aircraft's complexity. The latter two tests are scheduled to occur later this year.

http://www.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123196846

Cargo Ship Propelled by… A Kite?

Last week the MS Beluga Skysails launched from Bremerhaven, Germany on a trip across the Atlantic Ocean. Upon its arrival, the locals in Venezuela noticed that something was amiss. The 140 meter long cargo ship was being pulled across the water by a giant kite. But then again, a new free/green secondary propulsion system would alarm even the most salted of sea dogs.

Even though it’s not completely relying on the kite as its main source of propulsion it is estimated to reduce fuel costs by 10 – 35%, which in turn means less carbon emissions. The kite itself is shaped like an aircraft wing and it is able to adjust with different air conditions.

Operating range for the kite is about 100m – 300m above the surface. Higher altitudes have stronger winds that also remain stable and consistent. It can be flown in a variety of wind conditions and has the ability to be positioned in other areas around the ship to maximize efficiencies.

I’ve been power kiting for a little less than a year now, so naturally I wanted some specs on this massive kite. To give you an idea, I’m 6′3″ at 190lbs and a 5.5 meter power kite can lift me plain off the ground on a windy day. That ship weighs a slight bit more; to compensate they’ll be using a kite that is a massive 160sqm in size.

A kite that size, in the right weather, would have the ability to pull over 200 people directly into the clouds without blinking. Now that’s power.

Source: http://www.bustachange.com/cargo-ship-propelled-by-a-kite/

The End of Corn? University of Central Florida Research Team Produces Cellulosic Ethanol from Orange Peels

Submitted by eBoom Staff on February 24, 2010

University of Central Florida professor Henry Daniell has developed a novel method of producing cellulosic ethanol from orange peels and other organic waste.

HIs method is much cheaper and environmentally friendly than producing ethanol from corn. Daniell's technique involves using plant-derived enzymes to break down orange peels and other waste materials into sugar, which is then fermented into ethanol.

Producing fuel from waste has not only garnered more attention from the media of late, but it is also receiving much more attention from researchers and scientists, as well as politicians and financiers. Daniell and his team have had their research funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

One of the greatest features of using waste for fuel is that it is an abundant resource that will never be in competition with food resources. According to Daniell discarded orange peels could produce up to 200 million gallons of ethanol annually in Florida alone.

Although Daniell's research and technology requires much more testing before it goes commercial, the professor says, "this could be a turning point where vehicles could use this fuel as the norm for protecting our air and environment for future generations."

http://www.energyboom.com/biofuels/end-corn-university-central-florida-research-team-produces-cellulosic-ethanol-orange-peels